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Australia

Currency
Australian Dollar (AUD)
Languages
English (official), with some Indigenous languages spoken regionally
Capital
Canberra
Timezone
UTC+8 to UTC+11
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Life down under: Your guide to Australia

Overview
Overview

Australia, often referred to as the "Land Down Under," is renowned for its stunning natural landscapes, including the Great Barrier Reef, Outback deserts, and pristine beaches. The country combines a laid-back lifestyle with a thriving economy, making it an attractive destination for expats and digital nomads alike. While Australia currently lacks a formal digital nomad visa, its robust infrastructure, high-speed internet, and coworking spaces in cities like Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane appeal to remote workers. The nation’s rich cultural diversity, high quality of life, excellent healthcare, and vibrant urban centers make it an enticing choice, though the high cost of living and visa requirements necessitate careful planning. From iconic wildlife to cosmopolitan cityscapes, Australia offers a unique blend of adventure and modern convenience.

Culture

Australia’s culture is a rich tapestry of indigenous traditions and multicultural influences. Aboriginal heritage is deeply respected, showcased through art, music, and sacred sites like Uluru. Australia is also known for its love of sports, especially cricket, rugby, and Australian Rules Football. Annual events like Sydney’s Mardi Gras and the Melbourne Cup highlight the country’s vibrant social life. Australians value a "fair go" mentality, emphasizing equality and informality.

Do's and Don’ts

✅ Do embrace the outdoor lifestyle—explore national parks, beaches, and barbecues.
✅ Do respect Aboriginal customs and land when visiting sacred sites.
✅ Do use humor and a laid-back attitude in social interactions.
❌ Don’t make jokes about Australian wildlife—they take safety seriously.
❌ Don’t compare Australia to other English-speaking countries too closely; they value their unique identity.
❌ Don’t litter or ignore recycling rules; Australians take environmental care seriously.

Government

Australia operates as a federal parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy, with the British monarch as its ceremonial head of state, represented locally by the Governor-General. The country has a federal system, dividing powers between the national government and six states and two territories, each with its own legislature. The federal Parliament, consisting of the House of Representatives and the Senate, is responsible for national governance, with the Prime Minister leading the executive branch. Australia’s judiciary, headed by the High Court, ensures constitutional integrity, while local governments handle community-level services. Voting is compulsory for citizens aged 18 and over, reflecting the country’s strong democratic values.

Social media

Social media is deeply ingrained in Australian life. Popular platforms include:

  • Facebook: Used for both personal and community interactions.
  • Instagram: Favored for sharing travel and lifestyle photos.
  • WhatsApp: A go-to for messaging.
  • YouTube: Widely used for entertainment and tutorials.
  • TikTok: Popular among younger demographics.

National sport

Cricket is the quintessential Australian sport, symbolizing the nation’s love for friendly competition and outdoor activities. Australian Rules Football (AFL) and rugby are also deeply rooted in the culture. Surfing, a lifestyle as much as a sport, reflects the country’s affinity for the ocean. These sports serve as social glue, bringing communities together.

4.0
RATING
It’s perfect for digital nomads
Digital nomad friendly
Fairly digital nomad friendly
Challenging for digital nomads
Not ideal for digital nomads

Australia offers working holiday visas and reliable infrastructure, though no dedicated digital nomad visa.

Internet
5.0
RATING

High-speed internet is widely available in cities and towns.

Cost of living
3.0
RATING

Generally high, especially in Sydney and Melbourne, but more affordable options exist in smaller cities.

Access to basic resources
5.0
RATING

World-class healthcare, infrastructure, and essential services readily available.

Weather
Canberra
4:30 est
4.0
RATING

Diverse climates, from tropical in the north to temperate in the south; sunny weather dominates.

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LGBTQIA+ friendly
4.0
RATING

High acceptance and legal protections, particularly in urban areas.

English proficiency
5.0
RATING

English is the primary language, making communication easy for expats.

Family friendly
4.0
RATING

Strong education system and family-friendly communities, though childcare can be expensive.

Public transport
4.0
RATING

Efficient in major cities with trains, buses, and trams; rural areas may have limited options.

Live
Live

Expat community

Australia boasts a thriving and diverse expat community, concentrated in major cities like Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane. Sydney is popular for professionals and families due to its strong job market, iconic landmarks, and vibrant lifestyle. Melbourne, often considered the cultural capital, attracts artists, academics, and food enthusiasts with its eclectic scene and numerous festivals. Brisbane offers a more relaxed lifestyle, appealing to retirees and those seeking a warm climate. Expats connect through international schools, expat forums like InterNations, and community events. Smaller towns, such as Byron Bay, attract creatives and digital nomads drawn to Australia’s natural beauty and laid-back vibe.

Setting up a local bank account

Opening a bank account in Australia is straightforward and essential for managing finances like paying bills, receiving salaries, or accessing government services.

  1. Choose a bank: Popular banks include Commonwealth Bank, Westpac, ANZ, and NAB, as well as digital options like ING and Up Bank.
  2. Required documents: Passport, visa or residency permit, proof of address, and Tax File Number (optional but recommended).
  3. Process: You can open an account online before arriving in Australia (some banks allow this) or visit a branch in person.
  4. Account activation: Once your account is active, you’ll receive a debit card and access to online/mobile banking.

Getting around

  • Public transport: Australia’s major cities have efficient public transport systems, including trains, buses, and trams. Sydney and Melbourne feature Opal and Myki cards, respectively, for seamless travel. Monthly transport passes typically cost AUD 120–160.
  • Buying a vehicle: Vehicles can be purchased through dealerships or online platforms like Carsales. Requirements include proof of identity, address, and vehicle registration transfer. Annual costs include insurance, registration fees, and maintenance.
  • Driver’s license: Visitors can use foreign licenses for three months. After this, expats must convert to an Australian license, which may involve a test unless your country has a reciprocal agreement.

Medical system

Australia offers a high-quality healthcare system, including both public and private options.

  • Medicare: The public healthcare system provides free or subsidized services for residents and some visa holders from reciprocal agreement countries. Expats on other visas typically need private health insurance.
  • Private healthcare: Offers shorter wait times and access to private hospitals. Insurance costs vary from AUD 50 to 200 per month depending on coverage.
  • Hospitals: Urban centers like Sydney and Melbourne have world-class facilities, while rural areas may have fewer resources. Emergency services are widely accessible, and most doctors speak English.

Expats are advised to check visa-specific health insurance requirements before arrival.

Work
Work

Visa eligibility

Australia offers a range of visa options tailored to various needs:

  • Work Visa: Includes Temporary Skill Shortage (TSS) visas and Employer Nomination Scheme (ENS) visas. Applicants need a job offer from an Australian employer who sponsors the visa.
  • Student Visa: For those enrolling in educational institutions. Requires proof of enrollment, financial support, and health insurance.
  • Partner Visa: Allows spouses or de facto partners of Australian citizens, permanent residents, or eligible New Zealand citizens to live in Australia.
  • Investor Visa: Requires substantial investment in Australian businesses or government bonds under programs like the Significant Investor Visa (SIV).
  • Tourist Visa: For short-term stays, generally up to three months, often used by digital nomads with remote jobs.
  • Working Holiday Visa: Available to eligible young people (18–30 or 35 in some countries) to work and travel for up to a year.

Temporary residence

Temporary residence in Australia is often linked to employment, study, or family reunion. These visas typically last one to four years, depending on their purpose.

Key benefits:

  • Access to Medicare (public healthcare) for some visa holders.
  • Ability to work, study, or start a business depending on visa type.
  • Freedom to travel in and out of Australia during the visa period.

Permanent residence

Expats can apply for permanent residency through pathways like the General Skilled Migration (GSM) program, family sponsorship, or business investment.

Requirements:

  • Meeting points-based criteria for skills, age, and English proficiency (for skilled visas).
  • Proof of financial stability or employment.
  • No significant criminal record.
  • Living in Australia for a specific period (if transitioning from temporary visas).

Permanent residents enjoy almost all the benefits of Australian citizens, including access to healthcare, education, and social security, but cannot vote or hold certain government positions.

Digital Nomad Visa

Australia does not currently offer a dedicated Digital Nomad Visa. However, digital nomads often use the Working Holiday Visa (eligible countries) or short-term Tourist Visas to work remotely while exploring the country. Long-term remote workers might also explore Temporary Skill Shortage visas if sponsored by an Australian company.

Work culture

Australian work culture values professionalism, direct communication, and a strong emphasis on work-life balance. Key traits include:

  • Equality: Workplaces often have flat hierarchies, and collaboration is encouraged.
  • Work-life balance: Employees value leisure time, and many workplaces promote flexible hours or remote work options.
  • Punctuality: Being on time for meetings and deadlines is expected.
  • Informality: Despite professionalism, workplace interactions are often casual and friendly.

Job opportunities for expats

Expats in Australia commonly find opportunities in:

  • IT and Tech: Software development, cybersecurity, and data analytics are in demand.
  • Healthcare: Doctors, nurses, and allied health professionals are needed in urban and rural areas.
  • Education: English teachers and academic professionals are sought after.
  • Construction and Trades: Skilled tradespeople like electricians, plumbers, and carpenters are in high demand.

Job seekers can use platforms like Seek, LinkedIn, and Indeed, or consult specialized recruitment agencies.

Freelancing & entrepreneurship

Australia encourages freelancing and entrepreneurship through its supportive business environment.

  • Freelancing: Obtain an Australian Business Number (ABN) to work independently and invoice clients.
  • Starting a business: Register your business with the Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC) and get a Tax File Number (TFN). Popular sectors include tech startups, tourism, and e-commerce.

Government initiatives like Austrade and Business.gov.au provide resources and support for entrepreneurs.

Tax considerations

Australia’s tax system is progressive, and expats should understand their obligations.

  • Income tax: Rates range from 0% to 45% based on income. Expats are taxed on Australian-sourced income, and potentially global income if considered a resident for tax purposes.
  • Social security: Superannuation contributions (retirement savings) are mandatory for employees.
  • Double taxation agreements: Australia has treaties with many countries to prevent double taxation.

Expats should register with the Australian Taxation Office (ATO) for compliance and seek professional advice for complex situations.

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Metropolitans & attractions

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Metropolitans & attractions
Metropolitans & attractions

Major cities

  • Sydney: Australia's largest city, Sydney, is renowned for its iconic landmarks like the Sydney Opera House and Harbour Bridge. The city offers a vibrant lifestyle with world-class dining, cultural events, and stunning beaches such as Bondi and Manly. The Royal Botanic Garden and Circular Quay are popular spots for both tourists and locals.
  • Melbourne: Often dubbed Australia’s cultural capital, Melbourne boasts an eclectic mix of art, music, and food. The city is famous for its laneway culture, street art, and coffee scene. Sports enthusiasts flock to the Melbourne Cricket Ground (MCG), while Federation Square and the National Gallery of Victoria showcase the city’s creative side.
  • Brisbane: Known for its subtropical climate and relaxed atmosphere, Brisbane is a growing urban hub. It features scenic riverfront areas, including South Bank Parklands, with its man-made beach and cultural institutions like the Queensland Art Gallery. The city is a gateway to the Sunshine and Gold Coasts.

Major attractions

Great Ocean Road: A scenic coastal drive featuring landmarks like the Twelve Apostles and picturesque beaches.
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Sydney Harbour: Home to the Opera House and Harbour Bridge, it’s a must-see destination for scenic cruises and city views.
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Daintree Rainforest: One of the oldest rainforests on Earth, rich in biodiversity and eco-tourism opportunities.
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Great Barrier Reef: The world’s largest coral reef system, perfect for diving and snorkeling.
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No items found.
Metropolitans & attractions

Major attractions

  • Great Barrier Reef: The world’s largest coral reef system, perfect for diving and snorkeling.
  • Uluru (Ayers Rock): A massive sandstone monolith sacred to Indigenous Australians, offering breathtaking views at sunrise and sunset.
  • Sydney Harbour: Home to the Opera House and Harbour Bridge, it’s a must-see destination for scenic cruises and city views.
  • Daintree Rainforest: One of the oldest rainforests on Earth, rich in biodiversity and eco-tourism opportunities.
  • Great Ocean Road: A scenic coastal drive featuring landmarks like the Twelve Apostles and picturesque beaches.
Population
26 million
Digital nomad visa
Not available
Driving side
Left
Calling code
+61
Public Holiday
11 days (e.g., Australia Day, ANZAC Day, Christmas Day)
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